Distraction in joint assessment is defined as which of the following?

• A. Rotation
• B. Separation
• C. Shear
• D. Compression

Answer: (B)

Distraction in joint assessment refers to pulling the joint surfaces apart, creating separation at the joint. This force tests how loose the joint capsule and ligaments are and how the joint reacts to being spaced open—often used to assess laxity and pain response. It is distinct from rotation, which is turning around an axis; from compression, which pushes surfaces toward each other; and from shear, which slides surfaces parallel to each other. Because distraction specifically means separation, it is the best fit.