AAOS normative data for PIP toe extension and IP great toe extension is typically not measured because it represents what?

• A. Measured to 10 degrees
• B. Usually not measured because it is a return from flexion to 0 starting position
• C. Requires palpation of extensor tendon
• D. Considered within typical ROM range of 5-15 degrees

Answer: (B)

Understanding why certain toe joint extensions aren’t normally measured highlights how clinicians define meaningful ROM. For the PIP joint of the toe and the IP joint of the great toe, the extension movement isn’t an independent range to assess. It’s simply the motion of returning from a flexed position back to the neutral starting position (0 degrees). Because this return to neutral doesn’t reflect a separate, functional range of motion, it isn’t typically recorded in AAOS normative data. In other words, there isn’t a distinct end range to capture beyond zero, so this measurement isn’t routinely included.

Other options imply a specific measured end range or a procedural requirement, which isn’t the reason it’s not measured.